Nephrolepis exaltata, commonly known as the Boston Fern, Sword Fern, or simply Nephrolepis Fern, is a classic, graceful houseplant prized for its lush, arching fronds and elegant tropical appearance. A member of the Nephrolepidaceae family and native to tropical regions around the world, it’s one of the most recognisable and popular ferns for indoor growing.

This fern produces dense clumps of long, feather-like fronds made up of dozens of small, delicate leaflets that create a soft, cascading effect. The fresh green colour and gently arching habit bring movement, freshness, and natural beauty to any room. Perfect for hanging baskets, pedestal planters, or tabletops, Nephrolepis exaltata has been adored for generations as a symbol of vitality and timeless greenery.

With proper care, it remains one of the most rewarding ferns to grow — air-purifying, pet-safe, and wonderfully decorative.

Nephrolepis exaltata – Care Guide

Light

Thrives in bright, indirect light but tolerates partial shade. Avoid harsh, direct sunlight, which can scorch the fronds. Too little light may cause slow growth or yellowing leaves.

Watering

Keep the soil consistently moist, but never waterlogged. Water thoroughly when the top 2–3 cm feels slightly dry. Use rainwater or filtered water if possible, as tap water can cause brown tips. Avoid letting the plant dry out completely, as ferns are sensitive to drought.

Temperature and Humidity

• Temperature: Prefers 18–26°C. Protect from cold draughts and avoid temperatures below 12°C.

• Humidity: Requires high humidity (60–80%) to thrive. Mist regularly, place on a pebble tray, or use a humidifier, especially in centrally heated homes.

Soil and Potting

Use a light, moisture-retentive but well-draining compost, such as a mix of peat-free compost, perlite, and coco coir. Repot every 1–2 years in spring to refresh the soil and allow space for root growth.

Feeding

Feed every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer with a diluted balanced fertiliser. Avoid feeding during the winter rest period.

Pruning and Maintenance

Trim back old or yellowing fronds at the base to encourage new growth and maintain a tidy appearance. Wipe or mist leaves occasionally to remove dust and keep the fronds fresh.

Growth and Maturity

A moderately fast grower that typically reaches 40–60 cm tall and wide indoors. In ideal conditions, it produces new fronds continuously throughout the year, creating a full, cascading canopy.

Common Issues

• Brown leaf tips: Low humidity, dry soil, or chemical build-up from hard water.

• Yellowing fronds: Overwatering or poor drainage.

• Crispy fronds: Low humidity or too much direct sun.

• Pests: Occasionally spider mites or mealybugs; maintain humidity to deter them.

Background and Benefits

The Boston Fern rose to fame in the late 19th century as one of the first tropical plants successfully cultivated indoors. Native to tropical rainforests, it grows naturally as a groundcover or epiphyte, thriving in shaded, humid environments.

Today, Nephrolepis exaltata remains a staple of interior décor thanks to its resilience and beauty. It’s also a powerful air purifier, filtering toxins such as formaldehyde and xylene from indoor air. Its non-toxic nature makes it a safe and elegant choice for homes with pets and children.

✅ Quick Care Summary

• Light: Bright, indirect; tolerates light shade

• Water: Keep soil consistently moist

• Temperature: 18–26°C; avoid below 12°C

• Humidity: High (60–80%)

• Soil: Moisture-retentive, well-draining compost

• Feed: Every 4–6 weeks in spring/summer

• Growth: Arching fern, 40–60 cm; lush, feathery green fronds ideal for hanging displays

🌿 Pet-Friendly Note:
Nephrolepis exaltata is non-toxic to cats, dogs, and humans, making it a safe and pet-friendly choice for homes and offices.

🌸 Styling Tip:
Display your Nephrolepis Fern in a hanging basket or on a pedestal planter to allow the fronds to cascade beautifully. It pairs perfectly with larger-leaved plants like Ficus elastica or Philodendron Brasil for a rich, tropical feel.