Coffea arabica, known as the Arabica Coffee Plant, is a beautiful and rewarding tropical evergreen shrub native to the highlands of Ethiopia. A member of the Rubiaceae family, it is one of the world’s most important coffee species — responsible for around 60–70% of global coffee production. Beyond its agricultural fame, it also makes a surprisingly elegant and easy-care houseplant.

The plant features glossy, dark green leaves with prominent veins and gently wavy edges, forming a lush and symmetrical canopy. Indoors, it grows as a compact bush with a refined, polished appearance. Under the right conditions, mature plants may produce small clusters of fragrant, star-shaped white flowers, followed by green berries that ripen to red — the familiar coffee “cherries”.

With its tropical origins and beautiful foliage, Coffea arabica brings freshness and a touch of the exotic to any interior, combining ornamental appeal with botanical heritage.

Coffea arabica – Care Guide

Light

Thrives in bright, indirect light. It appreciates a few hours of gentle morning or late-afternoon sun, but prolonged direct sunlight can scorch the leaves. Too little light may slow growth and reduce leaf glossiness.

Watering

Keep the soil lightly moist but not soggy. Water when the top 2–3 cm of soil feels dry. Coffee plants dislike drying out completely, yet overly wet conditions can cause root rot. Reduce watering slightly in winter.

Temperature and Humidity

• Temperature: Prefers warmth, 18–26°C. Avoid cold draughts and temperatures below 15°C.

• Humidity: Enjoys moderate to high humidity (50–70%). Mist occasionally or place near a humidifier to maintain lush growth.

Soil and Potting

Use a rich, free-draining, slightly acidic compost — peat-free compost mixed with perlite or a small amount of ericaceous mix works well. Repot every 2–3 years in spring to refresh nutrients and allow room for growth.

Feeding

Feed every 4–6 weeks during spring and summer with a diluted, balanced liquid fertiliser. Pause feeding during autumn and winter when growth slows.

Pruning and Maintenance

Prune lightly to maintain a compact shape or to remove any yellowing leaves. Wipe the leaves occasionally with a damp cloth to keep their surface glossy and dust-free.

Growth and Maturity

A moderate grower that typically reaches 1–1.5 metres indoors. In ideal conditions, mature plants may flower and fruit, although fruiting is rare in typical home environments without strong light and humidity.

Common Issues

• Brown leaf edges: Low humidity or underwatering.

• Yellow leaves: Overwatering or poor drainage.

• Leaf drop: Sudden changes in temperature or light.

• Pests: Occasionally spider mites or aphids.

Background and Benefits

Discovered in the Ethiopian Highlands and later cultivated in Yemen, Coffea arabica has been cherished for centuries as the source of the world’s most beloved beverage. As a houseplant, it represents a connection to that long history while offering decorative beauty and a refreshing tropical presence. Its deep green foliage and compact form make it a sophisticated addition to any plant collection.

✅ Quick Care Summary

• Light: Bright, indirect; tolerates soft sun

• Water: Lightly moist; do not let soil dry out completely

• Temperature: 18–26°C; protect below 15°C

• Humidity: Moderate to high (50–70%)

• Soil: Rich, slightly acidic, free-draining compost

• Feed: Every 4–6 weeks in spring/summer

• Growth: Upright shrub, 1–1.5 m; glossy green leaves; occasional white flowers and red berries in maturity